THE DEAL
Each player deals in his turn; the order of dealing goes to the left.
The player on the dealer's right cuts the pack, and, in dividing it,
must not leave fewer than four cards in either packet; if in cutting,
or in replacing one of the two packets on the other, a card be
exposed, or if there be any confusion of the cards, or a doubt as to
the exact place in which the pack was divided, there must be a
fresh cut.
When a player, whose duty it is to cut, has once separated the
pack, he cannot alter his intention; he can neither re-shuffle nor
recut the cards.
When the pack is cut, should the dealer shuffle the cards, the pack
must be cut again.
The fifty-two cards shall be dealt face downwards. The deal is not
completed until the last card has been dealt face downwards.
There is no misdeal.
A NEW DEAL
There must be a new deal--
1. If, during a deal, or during the play of a hand, the pack be
proved to be incorrect or imperfect.
2. If any card be faced in the pack.
3. Unless the cards are dealt into four packets, one at a time and in
regular rotation, beginning at the player to the dealer's left.
4. Should the last card not come in its regular order to the dealer.
5. Should a player have more than thirteen cards, and any one or
more of the others less than thirteen cards.
6. Should the dealer deal two cards at once, or two cards to the
same hand, and then deal a third; but if, prior to dealing that card,
the dealer can, by altering the position of one card only, rectify
such error, he may do so.
7. Should the dealer omit to have the pack cut to him, and the
adversaries discover the error prior to the last card being dealt, and
before looking at their cards; but not after having done so.
If, whilst dealing, a card be exposed by either of the dealer's
adversaries, the dealer or hic partner may claim a new deal. A card
similarly exposed by the dealer or his partner gives the same claim
to each adversary. The claim may not be made by a player who has
looked at any of his cards. If a new deal does not take place, the
exposed card cannot be called.
If, in dealing, one of the last cards be exposed, and the dealer
completes the deal before there is reasonable time to decide as to a
fresh deal, the privilege is not thereby lost.
If the dealer, before he has dealt fifty-one cards, look at any card,
his adversaries have a right to see it, and may exact a new deal.
Should three players have their right number of cards--the fourth
have less than thirteen, and not discover such deficiency until he
has played any of his cards, the deal stands good; should he have
played, he is as answerable for any revoke he may have made as if
the missing card, or cards, had been in his hand; he may search the
other pack for it, or them.
If a pack, during or after a rubber, be proved incorrect or
imperfect, such proof does not alter any past score, game, or
rubber; that hand in which the imperfection was detected is null
and void; the dealer deals again.
Any one dealing out of turn, or with the adversary's cards, may
be stopped before the last card is dealt, otherwise the deal stands
good, and the game must proceed as if no mistake had been made.
A player can neither shuffle, cut, nor deal for his partner without
the permission of his opponents.
DECLARING TRUMPS
The dealer, having examined his hand, has the option of declaring
what suit shall be trumps, or whether the hand shall be played
without trumps. If he exercise that option, he shall do so by
naming the suit, or by saying "No trumps."
If the dealer does not wish to exercise his option, he may pass it to
his partner by saying "I bridge it, partner," and his partner must
thereupon make the necessary declaration, in the manner provided
in the preceding law.
If the dealer's partner inahe the trump declaration without
receiving permission from the dealer, their opponents may
demand:
1. That the declaration so made shall stand.
2. That there shall be a new deal.
But if any declaration as to doubling or not doubling shall have
been made, or if a new deal is not claimed, the declaration
wrongly made shall stand. The eldest hand is the player on the left
of the dealer.
If the dealer's partner pass the declaration to the dealer, the eidest
hand may demand:
1. That there shall be a new deal.
2. That the dealer's partner shall himself make the declaration.
If either of the dealer's adversaries makes the declaration, the
dealer may, after looking at his hand, either claim a fresh deal or
proceed as if no such declaration had been made.
A declaration once made cannot be altered, save as provided
above.
DOUBLING AND RE-DOUBLING
The effect of doubling and re-doubling, and so on, is that the value
of each trick above six is doubled, quadrupled, and so on.
After the trump declaration has been made by the dealer or his
partner, their adversaries have the right to double. The eldest hand
has the first right. If he does not wish to double, he shall say to his
partner "May I lead?" His partner shall answer "Yes," or "I
double."
If either of their adversaries elect to double, the dealer and his
partner have the right to re-double. The player who has declared
the trump shall have the first right. He may say, "I re-double" or
"Satisfied." Should he say the latter, his partner may re-double.
If the dealer or his partner elect to re-double, their adversaries
shall have the right to again double. The original doubler has the
first right.
If the right-hand adversary of the dealer double before his partner
has asked "May 1 lead?" the declarer of the trump shall have the
right to say whether or not the double shall stand. If he decide that
the double shall stand, the process of re-doubling may continue as
described in Laws 55, 56, 58.
The process of re-doubling may be continued until the limit of 100
points is reached--the first right to continue the re-doubling on
behalf of a partnership belonging to that player who has last
re-doubled. Should he, however, express himself satisfied, the
right to continue the re-doubling passes to his partner. Should any
player re-double out of turn, the adversary who last doubled shall
decide whether or not such double shall stand. If it is decided that
the redouble shall stand, the process of re-doubling may continue
as described in this and foregoing laws (55 and 56). If any double
or re-double out of turn be not accepted there shall be no further
doubling in that hand. Any consultation between partners as to
doubling or re-doubling will entitle the maker of the trump or the
eldest hand, without consultation, to a new deal.
If the eldest hand lead before the doubling be completed his part-.
nor may re-double only with the consent of the adversary who last
doubled; but such lead shall not affect the right of either adversary
to double.
When the question, "May I lead?" has been answered in the
affirmative, or when the player who has the last right to continue
the doubling expresses himself suth fled, the play shall begin.
A declaration once made cannot be altered.
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